Mubadalah sebagai Paradigma Kesalingan dalam Relasi Suami Istri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71242/crwfb286Keywords:
Mubadalah; Reciprocity;Relationship; Husband and WifeAbstract
This study aims to highlight and examine the concept of mubadalah as a paradigm for reconstructing husband wife relationships, offering an alternative to the dominant patriarchal framework that has long been embedded in Islamic family law and social practices. Using a normative qualitative approach through library research, this study analyzes the theological and juridical foundations of mubadalah and its implications for the rights and responsibilities of spouses. The main findings reveal that the mubadalah paradigm, through its five pillars viewing the marriage contract as a firm covenant (mitsaqan ghazlian), emphasizing the idea of partnership (zawj), mutual treatment with kindness (mu‘asharah bi al-ma‘ruf), consultation (musyawarah), and reciprocal comfort and satisfaction (taradin min-huma) creates a substantive space for reciprocity and gender justice within Muslim families. This is reinforced by reinterpretations of Qur’anic verses (al-Baqarah [2]: 187 and al-Rum [30]: 21), which inherently imply equality and mutuality, as well as reinterpretations of articles in the Marriage Law and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) that can be harmonized with the spirit of reciprocity. The implication of this research is the importance of integrating the mubadalah perspective into premarital education curricula and family law reform to realize a household order that is harmonious, resilient, and just, in accordance with the ideals of sakinah, mawaddah, and rahmah.
Abstrak.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengangkat dan mengkaji konsep mubadalah sebagai paradigma dalam merekonstruksi relasi suami istri, menawarkan alternatif terhadap dominasi kerangka patriarkis yang telah mengakar dalam hukum keluarga Islam dan praktik sosial. Melalui metode kajian kualitatif normatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka, penelitian ini menganalisis landasan teologis dan yuridis mubadalah, serta implikasinya terhadap hak dan kewajiban suami istri. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa paradigma mubadalah, dengan lima pilarnya yang menekankan akad sebagai perjanjian kokoh (mitsaqan ghalizhan), hubungan berpasangan (zawj), saling memperlakukan dengan baik (mu’asyarah bil ma’ruf), musyawarah, dan saling memberi kenyamanan (taradhin min-huma), membuka ruang substantif bagi kesalingan dan keadilan gender dalam keluarga Islam. Hal ini didukung oleh penafsiran ulang ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an (QS. al-Baqarah [2]: 187 dan QS. al-Rum [30]: 21) yang secara inheren menyiratkan kesetaraan dan timbal balik, serta reinterpretasi pasal-pasal dalam UU Perkawinan dan KHI yang dapat diharmonisasikan dengan semangat kesalingan. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya mengintegrasikan perspektif mubadalah ke dalam kurikulum pendidikan pranikah dan reformasi hukum keluarga untuk mewujudkan tatanan rumah yang harmonis, resilien, dan berkeadilan, sejalan dengan tujuan sakinah, mawaddah, dan wa rahma
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