Evaluasi Program Bantuan Premi Asuransi Nelayan (BPAN) Di Dinas Kelautan Dan Perikanan Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah (Studi Kasus: Kelurahan Sarudik)

Abstract

The Fishermen Insurance Premium Assistance Program (BPAN) is a government policy aimed at providing social protection for fishermen who face high risks in fishing activities. However, the effectiveness of program implementation at the local level still encounters several challenges, including limited access to information, administrative barriers, and low sustainability of participation. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the BPAN Program in Central Tapanuli Regency using the Context, Input, Process, Product (CIPP) evaluation model developed by Stufflebeam. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach. The research was conducted at the Department of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of Central Tapanuli Regency and Sarudik Village. The informants were selected through purposive sampling, consisting of 11 participants from local government officials, fishermen group representatives, and beneficiary fishermen. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, involving data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that BPAN has high relevance to the protection needs of fishermen. In the context dimension, the program is aligned with community needs; however, socialization activities have not fully reached all target groups. In the input dimension, program resources and implementation mechanisms are available, but challenges remain regarding beneficiary quotas and fishermen’s administrative readiness. In the process dimension, implementation has followed established procedures, although bureaucratic barriers and service delays persist. In the product dimension, the program provides benefits in the form of increased security and financial protection, but continued participation after the subsidy period remains low. The BPAN Program in Central Tapanuli Regency has been implemented and provides tangible benefits; however, it has not yet achieved optimal effectiveness. Strengthening public communication, simplifying administrative procedures, improving inter-institutional coordination, and developing sustainable financing strategies are required to ensure the continuity of social protection for fishermen.

Abstrak

Program Bantuan Premi Asuransi Nelayan (BPAN) merupakan kebijakan pemerintah untuk memberikan perlindungan sosial kepada nelayan yang memiliki tingkat risiko tinggi dalam aktivitas penangkapan ikan. Namun, efektivitas implementasi program di tingkat daerah masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, seperti keterbatasan akses informasi, kendala administrasi, dan keberlanjutan kepesertaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi implementasi Program BPAN di Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah menggunakan model evaluasi Context, Input, Process, Product (CIPP) Stufflebeam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah dan Kelurahan Sarudik. Informan dipilih melalui purposive sampling yang terdiri atas 11 orang, yaitu unsur pemerintah daerah, pengurus kelompok nelayan, dan nelayan penerima manfaat. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur, observasi nonpartisipan, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña melalui tahapan kondensasi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BPAN memiliki relevansi tinggi terhadap kebutuhan perlindungan nelayan. Pada aspek context, program telah sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat, tetapi sosialisasi belum menjangkau seluruh kelompok sasaran. Pada aspek input, sumber daya dan mekanisme program telah tersedia, namun masih terdapat kendala kuota penerima dan kesiapan administrasi nelayan. Pada aspek process, pelaksanaan telah mengikuti prosedur, tetapi masih ditemukan hambatan birokrasi dan keterlambatan pelayanan. Pada aspek product, program memberikan manfaat berupa rasa aman dan perlindungan finansial, tetapi keberlanjutan kepesertaan setelah subsidi berakhir masih rendah. Program BPAN di Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah telah berjalan dan memberikan manfaat nyata, tetapi belum optimal. Penguatan sosialisasi, penyederhanaan administrasi, peningkatan koordinasi antarinstansi, serta strategi keberlanjutan pembiayaan diperlukan agar perlindungan sosial bagi nelayan dapat berlangsung secara berkelanjutan.